Page 4 - Grade 12 Geography

Geography Grade 12

Outline

Welcome to Matric! In Grades 10 and 11, you learnt a great deal on your journey to becoming a fully-
fledged Geographer. Everything that you learnt forms the basis for Grade 12. Geography at school
level is essentially divided into two branches: Physical Geography and Human Geography. This
year, you will again learn more about maps and how to use them. You will also learn mapping in a
digital format as well as the use of data and information in Geographical Information Systems.

We begin with Physical Geography - studying climatology, especially the regional climate systems
that impact on our country – and then we explore the nature and changing shape of the Earth
through the powerful action of water, known as Fluvial Geomorphology. In terms of Human
Geography we focus on Settlement Geography when we study people and places. Finally, studying
people and their needs, with a look at various economic and resource issues in South Africa, brings
us to a conclusion of this year’s programme.

Chapter 1: Mapwork and Geographic Techniques
Unit 1: Using an atlas…
Unit 2: Maps and photographs in Geography
 Magnetic declination and magnetic bearing
 Mapwork calculations
 Map analysis and interpretation
Unit 3: Map projections
Unit 4: Fieldwork in Geography
Unit 5: Geographical Information Systems

Chapter 2: Climatology
Unit 1: Fundamental influences on South African climate
Unit 2: Regional climate
Unit 3: Local climate

Chapter 3: Fluvial Geomorphology
Unit 1: What is fluvial Geomorphology?
Unit 2: Long and cross profiles
Unit 3: River capture
Unit 4: Rejuvenation of rivers

Chapter 4: Settlement Geography
Unit 1: What is ‘settlement’?
Unit 2: The rural settlement
Unit 3: Challenges facing rural settlements and towns
Unit 4: Rural issues in South Africa
Unit 5: Urban settlement
Unit 6: Urban problems and challenges

Chapter 5: People and their needs
Unit 1: Economic activities
Unit 2: Water as a critical resource in South Africa

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